Summary

Ethics Class 10

MORAL AND POLITICAL ATTITUDE (5:02 P.M.)

Moral attitude
Moral attitude is the individual's attitude based on moral conviction concerning right or wrong.
It is based on righteousness.
It reflects:
(a) Individual's opinion concerning morality.
(b) Individual attitude towards moral lapses.
(c) Individual behaviour when confronted with moral dilemmas.
Moral attitude is developed through the process of socialization.
The role of agencies such as family, education, and religion is extremely significant for shaping moral attitudes.
Attributes of People with Moral Attitude
(a) Reverance
Having a deep respect for others.
For example, folding hands to greet someone, encouraging constructive dissent, and abiding by the provisions of the Constitution.
(b) Faithfulness
Irrespective of the circumstances person will remain loyal to someone or something.
For example, No adultery in the relationship, not getting lured by offers of corruption, etc.
(c) Awareness of responsibility
A morally conscious person is always aware of their responsibility.
For example, the responsibility of parents concerning the socialization of children, the responsibility of administrative officials to ensure good governance, and the responsibility of citizens to strengthen democracy.
(d) Veracity
A morally conscious person will always observe the truth.
In the backdrop of fake news, paid news, and the post-truth era, this feature has become significant.
Post-truth denotes the circumstances in which public opinion is not influenced by objective facts but by emotions and personal beliefs.
(e) Goodness
It broadly encompasses the character of a person, consisting of qualities such as generosity, kindness, compassion, sacrifice, forgiveness, etc.
Political Attitude
It refers to an attitude of the individual concerning political party, political leadership, or political culture in the society.
It is shaped based on political loss/gains.
It is important to know the political attitude of an individual as it denotes how they will behave during the elections.
Factors influencing the political attitude of an individual
(a) Political Ideologies.
Ideology is concerned with how the power is distributed in the society.
(b) Charismatic leadership.
(c) Intention of the political party concerning developmental policies and programs.
It means to what extent the leadership has walked the talk.
(d) Class positioning of the individual
Have-nots will prefer the welfare State with policies such as freebies, Direct Benefit Transfers, etc.
According to Rajni Kothari, it is the caste and the religion that influence the political attitude of an individual.
For example, the politicization of caste, and casteization of politics.
(e) Agencies of Socialization
It includes family, peer group, reference group, etc.
(f) Media
It also influences the political attitude (Second Phase of Power by Steven Lukes).
(g) Demographic Factors
Age factor also influences political attitude such as the older population prefer the status quo as compared to the younger population, which is more open to change.

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE (5:49 P.M.)

Topics to be covered
(a) Concept of Emotions
Types of Emotion
(b) Emotional Intelligence
(c) Building Blocks of Emotional Intelligence
(d) How Emotional Intelligence (EI) can be learned.
(e) Role of EI in Administration
(f) EI in Indian Context

EMOTION

Emotion is defined as personal experiences based on the complex interplay between physiological, cognitive, and situational variables.
By virtue of being human, everyone can experience emotions.
There are different types of emotions like primary and secondary emotions, or positive and negative emotions.
Primary and Secondary Emotions
Primary Emotion is the direct emotional response to a situation.
Secondary Emotion is the emotional response to the primary emotion.
Positive and Negative Emotions
The emotions that are pleasant, rewarding, and give one a feel-good factor. For example, love.
The emotions that make us feel miserable, lower our confidence, negatively impact interpersonal relation, and is responsible for our downfall.
For example, hatred, greed, lust, anger, etc.
There exists a myth that emotion leads to inefficiency, dilutes rationality, causes distraction, etc.
On the other hand, research in behavioural science has proved that emotions help to motivate us, build trust, strengthen social capital, and improve overall efficiency.
Hence, we can conclude it is not emotions, but the lack of ability to manage the emotions.

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE (6:07 P.M.)

Emotional Intelligence refers to the ability of an individual to reason with emotions and use the emotions in reasoning.
Emotional Intelligence is the ability of an individual to identify, understand, use, and manage the emotions of self and others positively with the following objectives:
(a) To relieve stress.
(b) To communicate effectively.
(c) To empathize with others.
(d) To diffuse conflict.
(e) To develop interpersonal relations.
According to Daniel Goleman, 80% of success at the workplace is determined by emotional intelligence, and only 20% is dependent on the intelligence quotient.

BUILDING BLOCKS OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

The different building blocks of EI are:
(a) Self-awareness
(b) Self-motivation
(c) Self-regulation
(d) Empathy
(e) Social skills
Self Awareness
According to Aristotle, knowing yourself is the beginning of all wisdom.
(a) One should be aware of one's strengths and weaknesses. This would result in realistic goal setting.
This would lead to frequent goal achievement.
This would ultimately lead to self-motivation.
(b) One should be aware of their motivation.
(c) One should be aware of their responsibility to ensure integrity in their conduct, both professional and personal.
Benefits of Self-Awareness
(a) It helps in the self-evaluation, by accepting constructive feedback.
(b) Understanding one's motivation helps a person to enjoy what they are doing and keeps them focused in the case of setbacks.
(c) Those who are aware of their limitations will refrain from unrealistic goal setting, both for themselves and the organizations.
(d) The individual will have the ability to empathize with those who are in a similar situation which will create sensitivity.
(e) It helps us deal with the external factors which are beyond our control.

THE TOPIC FOR THE NEXT CLASS: EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE (CONTINUED)